Atlantide in Nord Europa - Atlantis in Northern Europe

4 Articoli 1 in Italiano e 3 in Inglese riguardo Atlantide situata in Nord Europa 

4 Articles 1 in Italian 3 in English about Atlantis located in North Europe

www.antikitera.net

TROVATA ATLANTIDE NEI MARI DEL NORD? RINVENUTO UN'IMMENSO CONTINENTE DI 8500 ANNI (abitato da decine di migliaia di persone) DISTRUTTO DA UNO TSUNAMI

Un mondo nascosto sott'acqua inghiottita dal Mare del Nord è stato scoperto dai ricercatori dell'Università di St Andrews. Una vasta area di terra asciutta che si estendeva dalla Scozia alla Danimarca fu lentamente sommersa dalle acque tra i 18.000 aC e 5500 aC.  Divers dalle compagnie petrolifere hanno trovato i resti di un 'mondo sommerso' con una popolazione di decine di migliaia di persone che potrebbe essere stato una volta il 'cuore vero e proprio' dell' Europa. Un team di archeologi, climatologi e geofisici han mappato l'area con i nuovi dati dalle compagnie petrolifere - e ha rivelato tutta la misura di una 'terra perduta', una volta attraversata da mammut. La ricerca suggerisce che le popolazioni di queste terre, ora sott'acqua avrebbero potuto essere decine di migliaia di persone, che vivevano in un'area che si estendeva dal Nord della Scozia, per tutta la Danimarca e giù per il canale della Manica, fino alle Isole del Canale. La zona era una volta il 'cuore vero e proprio' d'Europa ed è stato colpito da 'uno tsunami devastante', i ricercatori sostengono.

L'onda era parte di un processo più ampio che ha sommerso la zona bassa nel corso di migliaia di anni.

'Il nome fu coniato per Dogger Bank, ma si applica a tutti i periodi di più quando il Mare del Nord era allora terra emersa', dice Richard Bates della University of St Andrews. 'Circa 20.000 anni fa, c'era un' massimo '- anche se parte di questa zona sarebbe stata coperta di ghiaccio. Quando il ghiaccio si scioglieva contemporaneamente anche il livello del mare è andato aumentando. 'Attraverso un sacco di nuovi dati provenienti da compagnie petrolifere e del gas, siamo in grado di dare una forma al paesaggio - e dare un senso ai mammut trovati là fuori, e le renne. Siamo in grado di capire i tipi di persone che erano lì.

'La gente sembra pensare livello del mare sono una cosa nuova - ma è un ciclo della storia terrestre e questo fatto è successo molte volte.' Organizzato dal dottor Richard Bates del Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra a St Andrews, la mostra Paesaggi sottomarini rivela la storia umana dietro Doggerland, una zona ora sommersa del Mare del Nord che una volta era più grande di molti paesi europei moderni. I risultati suggeriscono l'immagine di una terra con le colline e valli, paludi e grandi laghi con grandi fiumi delimitata da un litorale contorto. Appena il mare è salito sulle colline, questa porzione dell'europa si è trasformata in un arcipelago composto da isole basse. Il team di ricerca sta attualmente valutando ulteriori prove del comportamento umano, compresi gli eventuali luoghi di sepoltura dell'uomo, pietre in piedi intriganti e una fossa comune mammut. Il dottor Bates ha aggiunto: Quello che abbiamo scoperto è però una notevole quantità di prove e siamo ora in grado di individuare i posti migliori per trovare i segni della vita meglio conservata".

www.dailymail.co.uk

'Britain's Atlantis' found at bottom of North sea - a huge undersea world swallowed by the sea in 6500BC

Divers have found traces of ancient land swallowed by waves 8500 years ago

Doggerland once stretched from Scotland to Denmark

Rivers seen underwater by seismic scans

Britain was not an island - and area under North Sea was roamed by mammoths and other giant animals

Described as the 'real heartland' of Europe

Had population of tens of thousands - but devastated by sea level rises.

'Britain's Atlantis' - a hidden underwater world swallowed by the North Sea - has been discovered by divers working with science teams from the University of St Andrews. Doggerland, a huge area of dry land that stretched from Scotland to Denmark was slowly submerged by water between 18,000 BC and 5,500 BC.

Divers from oil companies have found remains of a 'drowned world' with a population of tens of thousands - which might once have been the 'real heartland' of Europe. A team of climatologists, archaeologists and geophysicists has now mapped the area using new data from oil companies - and revealed the full extent of a 'lost land' once roamed by mammoths. Divers from St Andrews University, find remains of Doggerland, the underwater country dubbed 'Britain's Atlantis'.  Dr Richard Bates of the earth sciences department at St Andrews University, searching for Doggerland, the underwater country dubbed 'Britain's Atlantis'.

 A Greater Britain: How the North Sea grew and the land-mass shrunk

Drowned world: Scans show a mound discovered under the water near Orkney, which has been explored by divers

St Andrews University's artists' impression of life in Doggerland

The research suggests that the populations of these drowned lands could have been tens of thousands, living in an area that stretched from Northern Scotland across to Denmark and down the English Channel as far as the Channel Islands.

The area was once the ‘real heartland’ of Europe and was hit by ‘a devastating tsunami', the researchers claim.

The wave was part of a larger process that submerged the low-lying area over the course of thousands of years.

'The name was coined for Dogger Bank, but it applies to any of several periods when the North Sea was land,' says Richard Bates of the University of St Andrews. 'Around 20,000 years ago, there was a 'maximum' - although part of this area would have been covered with ice. When the ice melted, more land was revealed - but the sea level also rose.

'Through a lot of new data from oil and gas companies, we’re able to give form to the landscape - and make sense of the mammoths found out there, and the reindeer. We’re able to understand the types of people who were there.

'People seem to think rising sea levels are  a new thing - but it’s a cycle of Earht history that has happened many many times.'

Organised by Dr Richard Bates of the Department of Earth Sciences at St Andrews, the Drowned Landscapes exhibit reveals the human story behind Doggerland, a now submerged area of the North Sea that was once larger than many modern European countries.

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Dr Bates, a geophysicist, said: ‘Doggerland was the real heartland of Europe until sea levels rose to give us the UK coastline of today.

World beneath the waves: Scientists examine a sediment core recovered from a mound near Orkney

Seismic scans reveal a submerged river at Dogger Bank

A visualisation of how life in the now-submerged areas of Dogger Bank might have looked

The research suggests that the populations of these drowned lands could have been tens of thousands, living in an area that stretched from Northern Scotland across to Denmark and down the English Channel as far as the Channel Islands

Life in 'Doggerland' - the ancient kingdom once stretched from Scotland to Denmark and has been described as the 'real heart of Europe'

‘We have speculated for years on the lost land's existence from bones dredged by fishermen all over the North Sea, but it's only since working with oil companies in the last few years that we have been able to re-create what this lost land looked like.

‘When the data was first being processed, I thought it unlikely to give us any useful information, however as more area was covered it revealed a vast and complex landscape.

‘We have now been able to model its flora and fauna, build up a picture of the ancient people that lived there and begin to understand some of the dramatic events that subsequently changed the land, including the sea rising and a devastating tsunami.’

The research project is a collaboration between St Andrews and the Universities of Aberdeen, Birmingham, Dundee and Wales Trinity St David.

Rediscovering the land through pioneering scientific research, the research reveals a story of a dramatic past that featured massive climate change. The public exhibit brings back to life the Mesolithic populations of Doggerland through artefacts discovered deep within the sea bed.

The research, a result of a painstaking 15 years of fieldwork around the murky waters of the UK, is one of the highlights of the London event.

The interactive display examines the lost landscape of Doggerland and includes artefacts from various times represented by the exhibit - from pieces of flint used by humans as tools to the animals that also inhabited these lands.

Using a combination of geophysical modelling of data obtained from oil and gas companies and direct evidence from material recovered from the seafloor, the research team was able to build up a reconstruction of the lost land.

The excavation of Trench 2, unveiling more finds about this lost land-mass

Fossilised bones from a mammoth also show how this landscape was once one of hills and valleys, rather than sea

The findings suggest a picture of a land with hills and valleys, large swamps and lakes with major rivers dissecting a convoluted coastline.

As the sea rose the hills would have become an isolated archipelago of low islands. By examining the fossil record - such as pollen grains, microfauna and macrofauna - the researchers can tell what kind of vegetation grew in Doggerland and what animals roamed there.

Using this information, they were able to build up a model of the 'carrying capacity' of the land and work out roughly how many humans could have lived there.

The research team is currently investigating more evidence of human behaviour, including possible human burial sites, intriguing standing stones and a mass mammoth grave.

Dr Bates added: ‘We haven't found an 'x marks the spot' or 'Joe created this', but we have found many artefacts and submerged features that are very difficult to explain by natural causes, such as mounds surrounded by ditches and fossilised tree stumps on the seafloor.

‘There is actually very little evidence left because much of it has eroded underwater; it's like trying to find just part of a needle within a haystack. What we have found though is a remarkable amount of evidence and we are now able to pinpoint the best places to find preserved signs of life.’

For further information on the exhibit, visit: http://sse.royalsociety.org/2012/exhibits/drowned-landscapes/

Drowned Landscapes is on display at The Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2012 from July 3-8 at the Royal Society in London.

http://sse.royalsociety.org

Science Live 2012 Drowned landscapes

around the UK and shows how they are being rediscovered through pioneering scientific research. It reveals their human story through the artefacts left by the people - a story of a dramatic past that featured lost lands, devastating tsunamis and massive climate change. These were the challenges that our ancestors met and that we face once more today.

How it works

Current climate change and associated sea level rise are at the forefront of social and scientific discussion, but research shows that dramatic changes in the environment have occurred numerous times in the past.

One of the most significant landscapes lost to sea level rise is the European world of Doggerland. Occupying much of the North Sea basin, this inundated landscape, bigger than many modern European countries, was slowly submerged between 18,000 BC and 5,500 BC. Archaeologists now consider Doggerland to have been the heartland of human occupation within Northern Europe at that time, but understanding it depends on being able to locate and visualise the landscape. Scientists have taken a new approach to this by coupling geophysical survey techniques developed by the oil industry with 3D visualisation technologies developed by the computer modelling industry. These innovative methodologies allow the recreation of these once inhabited landscapes, mapping rivers, lakes, hills, coastlines and estuaries, and the modelling of the flora and fauna associated with them. These models bring back to life the homeland of these Mesolithic populations, tantalisingly hinted at by artefacts recovered from the seabed. They also allow scientists to explore the effects of sea level rise upon the landscape and its populations in new and more immersive ways that may help the past provide solutions for the present.

www.andrewcollins.com

Atlantis in Northern Europe

In 1876 Trubner and Co, a respected English publisher, released a curious work entitled The Oera Linda Book. It purported to be the translation of a thirteenth-century ancient Frisian text which spoke of the destruction of a landmass known to ancient mariners as Atland, and to the Frisians of the Netherlands and Denmark as the Aldland, the `Old Land'. This lay in the North Sea between Denmark and the Shetland Isles, and was devastated by floods and cataclysms at a date given specifically as 2193 BC. The book went on to detail how its displaced peoples, who worshipped the goddess Freya, eventually settled in Frisia, where they developed a major maritime culture which traded regularly with the Phoenicians of the eastern Mediterranean. Indeed, the Oera Linda Book suggests that a Frisian sea-king named Teunis founded the Phoenician port of Tyre on the Lebanese coast, c. 2000 BC.

Even though the ancient text was advertised as genuine, its authenticity was quickly challenged by scholars. For instance, one of the Frisian sea-kings named Inka is said to have gone on a quest in search of lost Atland. Having journeyed in the direction of the setting sun, he finally came across an unknown land where he established a kingdom. This clearly is a reference to America, inferring therefore that Inka was the founder of the Inca civilisation of Peru (`inca' is Peruvian for king). Since we now know that the Incas only rose to power in the thirteenth century it makes nonsense of the claim made in the Oera Linda Book. It is also stated that the Greek alphabet is derived from a much earlier Frisian script. Yet scholars rightly point out that, according to Herodotus, the Greek alphabet came from Phoenicia, and is thus Semitic in origin. Other similar irregularities ensured that no academic ever took the book seriously.

The book was forgotten until 1977 when ancient mysteries writer Robert Scrutton took it upon himself to write a lengthy commentary and introduction for an abridged edition of the Oera Linda Book. Entitled The Other Atlantis, it was an instant bestseller and once again the authenticity of the Frisian text was debated by scholars and historians alike. Furthermore, the close similarity between the name Atland and Atlantis made the former North Sea landmass a major candidate for the site of Plato's ancient kingdom. Despite this new leash of life, the Oera Linda Book was quickly forgotten and the only references to it which appear in books today right it off as a nineteenth-century hoax.

Despite these drawbacks, it is now accepted by archaeologists that a land-bridge did once exist between Norway and the Shetland Isles. Yet this was drowned by rising sea-levels as early as 6000-5000 BC, not `2193 BC' as the Oera Linda Book implies. It therefore seemed unlikely that any major landmass ever existed in the North Sea, or in the Baltic as has also been proposed.

Recently, Britain itself has been linked with the traditions surrounding Plato's Atlantis. Russian scientist Viatscheslav Koudriavtsev of the Institute of Metahistory in Moscow is convinced that evidence of the island's former existence will be found on the shallow banks that lie beyond Cornwall's Isles of Scilly, traditionally the site of lost Lyonesse.

Yet such ideas make nonsense of Plato's suggestion that the Atlantic island he describes in his works the Timaeus and Critias, written c. 350 BC, lay in front of an `opposite continent', very probably the Americas, which `voyagers' could reach via a series of `other' islands. This is unless we assume that these islands are those which mark the Northwest Passage from northern Britain to New England - the route taken by the Vikings to reach Newfoundland in around AD 1000.

Although there is ample evidence of pre-Columbian contact with New England by Iberic Phoenician, Carthaginian and Roman seafarers, it seems unlikely that an island in the North Sea, the Baltic or anywhere off the coast of Britain, would have been referred to as Atlantis, which means `daughter of Atlas'. Plato's legendary island takes its name from Atlas, the legendary Titan who was granted dominion over the lands of the Far West, including West Africa and the uncharted seas which lay beyond the Pillars of Hercules, the legendary rocks marked the entrance to the Atlantic or Western Ocean. All this would imply that only those islands which lay in this direction would have been known as Atlantides, `daughters of Atlas'. Furthermore, we know that Britain and Northern Europe as a whole was strongly identified with a legendary location sacred to the sun-god Apollo called Hyperborea, and not with any of the legendary islands spoken of in classical tradition.

There seems to be no good reason to link any site in Northern Europe with Plato's Atlantis tradition.